United+States+and+France+Form+an+Alliance+Against+England





By Allessa Danino media type="youtube" key="fcYiLWEAXYo" height="315" width="420" align="right" The colonies in America declared their independence from Britain on February 6, 1778. England continued to attack the Americans, therefore there was an alliance made which France has agreed and signed to. Saying that they would be allies with the Americans, and that England would help to protect them. This treaty had also stated that neither countries would concur into a separate peace. This treaty as well as the Treaty of Amity and Commerce with France were a BIG turning point in the American Revolution because it showed that the Americans had not wanted to take anymore part in the war. The major dipolmats during the wars are Benjamin Franklin and Silas Deane. Ever since the treaty of Paris had been signed, ending the seven years of war, France had been planning to attack Britain along for the Spainsh to again revenge. Although Britain had gotten word for a possible attack, they formed an army to be ready for attack but it had never occured. After this back down John Adams had started to draft the treaty. He had not wanted this to continue to happen. Adams wanted both countries to abide by rules that they would not want to start a war unneccesarilly. The Representatives of all the thirteen colonies in the US had come to vote for or against this treaty along with representatives form France. This Treaty of amity and Commerce was thought it to be necessary to strengthen the weaknesses for the saftey of the two parties. Unless in objection to the treaty, Great Britian decided to resent the coinciding between the parties. The treaty stated that if either were to break peace with France then it is the Rights of the nations to join councils with the common enemy to make harmony with the clauses and conditions of the intention according to the following articles made in the treaty:

" ART. 1.

If War should break out betwan france and Great Britain, during the continuance of the present War betwan the United States and England, his Majesty and the said //united States, shall make it a common cause, and aid each other mutually with their good Offices, their Counsels, and their forces, according to the exigence of Conjunctures as becomes good & faithful Allies.// // ART. 2. //

// The essential and direct End of the present defensive alliance is to maintain effectually the liberty, Sovereignty, and independance absolute and unlimited of the said united States, as well in Matters of Gouvernement as of commerce. //

// ART. 3. //

// The two contracting Parties shall each on its own Part, and in the manner it may judge most proper, make all the efforts in its Power, against their common Enemy, in order to attain the end proposed. //

// ART. 4. //

// The contracting Parties agree that in case either of them should form any particular Enterprise in which the concurrence of the other may be desired, the Party whose concurrence is desired shall readily, and with good faith, join to act in concert for that Purpose, as far as circumstances and its own particular Situation will permit; and in that case, they shall regulate by a particular Convention the quantity and kind of Succour to be furnished, and the Time and manner of its being brought into action, as well as the advantages which are to be its Compensation. //

// ART. 5. //

// If the united States should think fit to attempt the Reduction of the British Power remaining in the Northern Parts of America, or the Islands of Bermudas, those Countries or Islands in case of Success, shall be confederated with or dependent upon the said united States. //

// ART. 6. //

// The Most Christian King renounces for ever the possession of the Islands of Bermudas as well as of any part of the continent of North america which before the treaty of Paris in 1763. or in virtue of that Treaty, were acknowledged to belong to the Crown of Great Britain, or to the united States heretofore called British Colonies, or which are at this Time or have lately been under the Power of The King and Crown of Great Britain. // // ART. 7. //

// If his Most Christian Majesty shall think proper to attack any of the Islands situated in the Gulph of Mexico, or near that Gulph, which are at present under the Power of Great Britain, all the said Isles, in case of success, shall appertain to the Crown of france. //

// ART. 8. //

// Neither of the two Parties shall conclude either Truce or Peace with Great Britain, without the formal consent of the other first obtain'd; and they mutually engage not to lay down their arms, until the Independence of the united states shall have been formally or tacitly assured by the Treaty or Treaties that shall terminate the War. //

// ART. 9. //

// The contracting Parties declare, that being resolved to fulfil each on its own Part the clauses and conditions of the present Treaty of alliance, according to its own power and circumstances, there shall be no after claim of compensation on one side or the other whatever may be the event of the War. //

// ART. 10. //

// The Most Christian King and the United states, agree to invite or admit other Powers who may have received injuries from England to make common cause with them, and to accede to the present alliance, under such conditions as shall be freely agreed to and settled between all the Parties. // // ART. 11. //

// The two Parties guarantee mutually from the present time and forever, against all other powers, to wit, the united states to his most Christian Majesty the present Possessions of the Crown of france in America as well as those which it may acquire by the future Treaty of peace: and his most Christian Majesty guarantees on his part to the united states, their liberty, Sovereignty, and Independence absolute, and unlimited, as well in Matters of Government as commerce and also their Possessions, and the additions or conquests that their Confederation may obtain during the war, from any of the Dominions now or heretofore possessed by Great Britain in North America, conformable to the 5th & 6th articles above written, the whole as their Possessions shall be fixed and assured to the said States at the moment of the cessation of their present War with England. // // ART. 12. //

// In order to fix more precisely the sense and application of the preceding article, the Contracting Parties declare, that in case of rupture between france and England, the reciprocal Guarantee declared in the said article shall have its full force and effect the moment such War shall break out and if such rupture shall not take place, the mutual obligations of the said guarantee shall not commence, until the moment of the cessation of the present War between the united states and England shall have ascertained the Possessions. // // ART. 13. //

// The present Treaty shall be ratified on both sides and the Ratifications shall be exchanged in the space of six months, sooner if possible. //

// In faith where of the respective Plenipotentiaries, to wit on the part of the most Christian King Conrad Alexander Gerard royal syndic of the City of Strasbourgh & Secretary of his majestys Council of State and on the part of the United States Benjamin Franklin Deputy to the General Congress from the State of Pensylvania and President of the Convention of the same state, Silas Deane heretofore Deputy from the State of Connecticut & Arthur Lee Councellor at Law have signed the above Articles both in the French and English Languages declaring Nevertheless that the present Treaty was originally composed and concluded in the French Language, and they have hereunto affixed their Seals // // Done at Paris, this sixth Day of February, one thousand seven hundred and seventy eight. // // C. A. GERARD //

// B FRANKLIN //

// SILAS DEANE //

// ARTHUR LEE" // [] media type="youtube" key="txeNC-zG34w" height="315" width="420"

+=   Benjamin Franklin
 * United States + France = Franco- American Alliance ||

==== Ben Franklin was one of the founding fathers of the United States. He was an author, printer, political theorist, politician, scientist, muscian, inventor and many more. Franklin was the cheif negotiator. He was popular in Paris and in the American history at Saratoga in 1777, France was convinced to be the an alliance in the military. ====

[[image:reinsteinrevolutionper4/250px-Silas_Deane_-_Du_Simitier_and_B_L__Prevost.jpg width="283" height="364" align="right"]]
==== SIlas Deane Deane represented the American colonies in a foreign land. He was personally responsible for sending over the shiploads of French goods to aid the colonial soldiers and enlisting European officers, among them Lafayette and von Steuben, to help lead them. Similary to John Adams, who signed the treaty, he was part of the Continental Congress. He recognized the importance of developing a powerful navy for the colonies. He also helped plan an important victory in the early days of the American Revolution (Fort Ticonderoga). ====


 * http://www.infoplease.com/t/hist/treaty-of-alliance/
 * []