Siege+of+Quebec

__**Siege of Quebec**__ December 30, 1775


 * = [[image:Canadian_militiamen_and_British_soldiers_repulse_the_American_assault_at_Sault-au-Matelot.jpg width="510" height="372"]] ||= [|The Siege (Battle) of Quebec] was fought on December 30th, 1775 in Quebec City and the British Province of Quebec. This battle was between the[| American Continental Army] and the [|British forces of Quebec]. The main commanders of the American Continental Army were[| Richard Montgomery], Benedict Arnold, [|Daniel Morgan], and [|James Livingston]. Also, for the British forces it was Guy Carleton and[| Allan Maclean]. It all started with the beginning of the American Revolutionary War. Once the war started, a small force led by Ethan Allen and Benedict Arnold captured the fortress at Ticonderoga and raided on Fort Saint-Jean which was not too far from Montreal so this strikes the British as a threat. The American Continental Army had 900 regular soldiers/300 militia and the British forces had 1,800 soldiers. For America there were 50 killed, 34 wounded, and 431 captured. For the British there were only 5 killed and 14 wounded. So as seen here, the British were much stronger than the Americans.

The war began with Montgomery bringing 50 men towards a two story building which was occupied by 15 Quebec militia. They fired and Montgomery was shot and killed instantly. The survivors left his body behind and fled back to the [|Plains of Abraham]. In the process of all of that, Arnold led his main body of soldiers to the barricades of the Sault-au-Matelot at the northern end of the lower town. While proceeding, a heavy fire broke out and Arnold got shot in the ankle. He transferred command to Daniel Morgan. Then a British force of 500 sailed towards them which trapped Morgan and his men. With no way to retreat, Morgan and his men surrendered. This was the first defeat by the Continental Army. Arnold refused to surrender so he laid siege to Quebec. He sent for reinforcements but eventually he was replaced by [|General Wooster] who was then replaced by [|John Thomas]. When John Thomas arrived, he prepared to retreat. So the British defeated the Americans during the Siege of Quebec. ||

**__[|Benedict Arnold]__**was born on January 14, 1741 and died on June 14, 1801 at age 60. He served on the British colonial militia, the Continental Army, and the British Army. Some wars or battles he has commanded would be at [|Fort Ticonderoga], Quebec City, Montreal, and Lake Champlain. Also, the war he was in was the American Revolutionary War and he fought in the battles:[| Invasion of Canada], Battle of Quebec, Capture of Fort Ticonderoga, [|Battle of the Cedars], and Battle of Valcour Island. He has been called “the best general on either side of the conflict” because of his bravery and not giving up or retreating. He was originally on the American Continental Army, but he later on switched to the British. So that is why it is said on ‘either side of the conflict’. Most of his actions are successful but there are still some that were not. He has suffered of injuries during war but still kept going. The reason he went to the British side was for many reasons. One being that he began making deals with them because the American Government court-marshaled him because they thought he was using the army for his own personal reasons. He also went to the British because he was in debt and wanted more money. As a result, they gave him plenty of money to become a spy for them. Eventually he was caught along with[| John Andre] and Arnold escaped from the Americans and never caught. He spent the rest of his life in England and Canada. || ||
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**__[|Guy Carleton]__** was born on September 3, 1724 and died on November 10, 1808 at age 84. He served for the British Army as a major general from 1742 to 1796. He commanded in America, Quebec and the Canadas. The war he was in was [|The War of Austrian Succession], the [|Seven Years’ War], and the American Revolutionary War. The Siege of Quebec was probably the most important event of Carleton’s military career. This was a victory for the British and it was mostly because of him. After that battle, he became the Governor of Quebec along with James Murray in official charge. After a while Murray resigned his position and Carleton became Captain General and Governor in chief. He was also the Governor of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island. Later on he was also named the Baron of Dorchester in the county of Oxford. As a result of the [|Constitutional Act of 1791], Carleton sailed from Canada to Britain never to return. His retirement days took place mostly in Greywell Hill and his last years at [|Berkshire]. ||
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